Human resources managers, all other
May 2005 employment and annual earnings distribution, wage and salary workers
Human Resources Managers, All Other: All human resources managers not listed separately.
Annual salary rates for human resources workers vary according to occupation, level of experience, training, location, and size of the firm, and whether they are union members.
Median annual earnings of compensation and benefits managers were $66,530 in May 2004. The middle 50 percent earned between $49,970 and $89,340. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $39,250, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $118,880. In May 2004, median annual earnings were $81,080 in the management of companies and enterprises industry.
Median annual earnings of training and development managers were $67,460 in May 2004. The middle 50 percent earned between $49,060 and $91,020. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $36,430, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $119,580.
Median annual earnings of human resources managers, all other were $81,810 in May 2004. The middle 50 percent earned between $62,080 and $106,440. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $48,060, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $136,600. In May 2004, median annual earnings were $92,590, in the management of companies and enterprises industry.
Median annual earnings of employment, recruitment, and placement specialists were $41,190 in May 2004. The middle 50 percent earned between $31,820 and $55,540. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $25,690, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $76,230. In May 2004, median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of employment, recruitment, and placement specialists were:
| Management, scientific, and technical consulting services | $52,800 |
| Management of companies and enterprises | 46,780 |
| Local government | 40,540 |
| Employment services | 37,780 |
| State government | 35,390 |
Median annual earnings of compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists were $47,490 in May 2004. The middle 50 percent earned between $37,050 and $59,860. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $30,030, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $74,650. In May 2004, median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists were:
| Local government | $51,430 |
| Management of companies and enterprises | 50,970 |
| State government | 39,150 |
Median annual earnings of training and development specialists were $44,570 in May 2004. The middle 50 percent earned between $33,530 and $58,750. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $25,800, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $74,650. In May 2004, median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of training and development specialists were:
| Management of companies and enterprises | $49,540 |
| Insurance carriers | 47,300 |
| Local government | 45,320 |
| State government | 41,770 |
| Federal Government | 38,930 |
According to a 2005 salary survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, bachelor’s degree candidates majoring in human resources, including labor relations, received starting offers averaging $36,967 a year.
The average salary for human resources managers employed by the Federal Government was $71,232 in 2005; for employee relations specialists, $84,847; for labor relations specialists, $93,895; and for employee development specialists, $80,958. Salaries were slightly higher in areas where the prevailing local pay level was higher. There are no formal entry-level requirements for managerial positions. Applicants must possess a suitable combination of educational attainment, experience, and record of accomplishment.
Human resources, training, and labor relations managers and specialists held about 820,000 jobs in 2004. The following tabulation shows the distribution of jobs by occupational specialty:
| Training and development specialists | 216,000 |
| Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists | 182,000 |
| Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists, all other | 166,000 |
| Human resources managers | 157,000 |
| Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialist | 99,000 |
Human resources, training, and labor relations managers and specialists were employed in virtually every industry. About 21,000 specialists were self-employed, working as consultants to public and private employers.
The private sector accounted for more than 8 out of 10 salaried jobs, including 11 percent in administrative and support services; 9 percent in professional, scientific, and technical services; 9 percent in manufacturing; 9 percent in health care and social assistance; and 9 percent in finance and insurance firms.
Government employed 17 percent of human resources managers and specialists. They handled the recruitment, interviewing, job classification, training, salary administration, benefits, employee relations, and other matters related to the Nation’s public employees.
(from the Occupational Outlook Handbook: Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Managers and Specialists)
See more recent statistics for employed workers below.
May 2005 employment and annual earnings distribution, wage and salary workers
National, State, and Metropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Earnings
State maximums: employment earnings: mean 10th 25th 50th 75th
Metro maximums: employment earnings: mean 10th 25th 50th
| Human resources managers, all other | |||||
| Percentile annual earnings, $ | |||||
| 10th | 25th | 50th | 75th | 90th | |
| National | |||||
| U.S. employment: 57,830 mean earnings: $89,950 | 49,820 | 64,540 | 84,190 | 108,460 | 139,600 |
| State and Metro Area | |||||
| Alabama (ACS) (EAG) employment: 760 mean earnings: $73,380 | 44,670 | 55,170 | 70,450 | 88,070 | 108,930 |
| Birmingham - Hoover, AL employment: 220 mean earnings: $79,040 | 47,380 | 58,540 | 75,550 | 91,570 | 117,130 |
| Decatur, AL employment: n.a. mean earnings: $79,990 | 54,140 | 73,430 | 81,280 | 89,010 | 103,780 |
| Huntsville, AL employment: 120 mean earnings: $79,100 | 52,210 | 65,280 | 79,380 | 92,930 | 110,100 |
| Mobile, AL employment: 50 mean earnings: $71,740 | 44,260 | 57,920 | 68,280 | 88,950 | 108,480 |
| Montgomery, AL employment: 80 mean earnings: $71,140 | 41,400 | 50,760 | 65,610 | 86,990 | 112,400 |
| Tuscaloosa, AL employment: 30 mean earnings: $67,590 | 43,970 | 51,220 | 63,820 | 81,720 | 104,370 |
| Alaska (ACS) (EAG) employment: 220 mean earnings: $74,050 | 40,370 | 57,640 | 76,130 | 91,380 | 108,040 |
| Anchorage, AK employment: 130 mean earnings: $79,730 | 49,400 | 67,860 | 81,710 | 95,730 | 109,680 |
| Arizona (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,510 mean earnings: $68,100 | 39,010 | 47,110 | 60,080 | 85,360 | 109,540 |
| Flagstaff, AZ employment: 30 mean earnings: $67,340 | 42,710 | 53,790 | 67,490 | 83,940 | 96,010 |
| Phoenix - Mesa - Scottsdale, AZ employment: 1,170 mean earnings: $68,350 | 39,190 | 47,840 | 59,910 | 85,670 | 110,010 |
| Tucson, AZ employment: 200 mean earnings: $67,100 | 36,770 | 42,760 | 55,390 | 84,440 | 114,260 |
| Arkansas (ACS) (EAG) employment: 460 mean earnings: $67,430 | 41,090 | 51,190 | 65,080 | 82,730 | 98,560 |
| Fayetteville - Springdale - Rogers, AR - MO employment: 140 mean earnings: $66,530 | 40,670 | 50,270 | 64,950 | 82,700 | 92,940 |
| Fort Smith, AR - OK employment: 30 mean earnings: $69,810 | 32,870 | 44,960 | 68,700 | 92,320 | 110,010 |
| Little Rock - North Little Rock, AR employment: 140 mean earnings: $71,940 | 43,570 | 56,610 | 69,310 | 89,570 | 107,210 |
| California (ACS) (EAG) employment: 7,970 mean earnings: $105,590 | 61,370 | 77,970 | 98,470 | 124,780 | >145K |
| Bakersfield, CA employment: 70 mean earnings: $91,650 | 64,530 | 78,810 | 91,460 | 108,920 | 120,390 |
| Fresno, CA employment: 80 mean earnings: $86,430 | 62,870 | 76,500 | 87,160 | 100,610 | 112,230 |
| Los Angeles - Long Beach - Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division employment: 1,930 mean earnings: $97,740 | 59,900 | 75,900 | 93,820 | 113,650 | 142,260 |
| Modesto, CA employment: 40 mean earnings: $93,940 | 65,670 | 77,230 | 91,860 | 109,000 | 120,490 |
| Napa, CA employment: 40 mean earnings: $98,300 | 66,240 | 77,410 | 94,130 | 111,440 | 138,270 |
| Oakland - Fremont - Hayward, CA Metropolitan Division employment: 620 mean earnings: $110,630 | 75,060 | 86,650 | 105,030 | 127,570 | >145K |
| Oxnard - Thousand Oaks - Ventura, CA employment: 120 mean earnings: $111,600 | 63,930 | 76,000 | 93,570 | 141,460 | >145K |
| Riverside - San Bernardino - Ontario, CA employment: 350 mean earnings: $78,870 | 48,820 | 63,600 | 78,480 | 91,990 | 112,800 |
| Sacramento - - Arden - Arcade - - Roseville, CA employment: 380 mean earnings: $83,410 | 47,600 | 64,360 | 81,420 | 99,940 | 115,550 |
| Salinas, CA employment: 40 mean earnings: $84,340 | 60,090 | 70,620 | 85,660 | 100,880 | 112,020 |
| San Diego - Carlsbad - San Marcos, CA employment: 700 mean earnings: $93,800 | 59,810 | 72,910 | 86,610 | 110,980 | 139,440 |
| San Francisco - San Mateo - Redwood City, CA Metropolitan Division employment: 790 mean earnings: $122,170 | 75,270 | 92,140 | 115,510 | 144,460 | >145K |
| San Jose - Sunnyvale - Santa Clara, CA employment: 1,220 mean earnings: $131,340 | 80,850 | 99,400 | 121,110 | >145K | >145K |
| Santa Ana - Anaheim - Irvine, CA Metropolitan Division employment: 920 mean earnings: $111,750 | 59,290 | 80,070 | 104,830 | 135,600 | >145K |
| Santa Barbara - Santa Maria, CA employment: 70 mean earnings: $90,550 | 60,640 | 75,830 | 87,970 | 105,280 | 124,810 |
| Santa Cruz - Watsonville, CA employment: 40 mean earnings: $105,440 | 60,260 | 74,620 | 94,420 | 131,050 | >145K |
| Santa Rosa - Petaluma, CA employment: 80 mean earnings: $97,910 | 60,230 | 69,550 | 92,270 | 120,420 | 144,720 |
| Stockton, CA employment: 110 mean earnings: $102,890 | 58,150 | 65,680 | 81,070 | 130,730 | >145K |
| Vallejo - Fairfield, CA employment: 40 mean earnings: $82,910 | 51,010 | 61,010 | 81,620 | 102,220 | 118,200 |
| Visalia - Porterville, CA employment: 30 mean earnings: $76,450 | 46,920 | 55,390 | 75,760 | 98,550 | 111,850 |
| Colorado (ACS) (EAG) employment: 990 mean earnings: $87,670 | 55,080 | 66,990 | 83,160 | 102,940 | 127,650 |
| Boulder, CO employment: 90 mean earnings: $87,510 | 62,450 | 71,710 | 81,400 | 94,020 | 129,200 |
| Colorado Springs, CO employment: 110 mean earnings: $79,800 | 53,760 | 65,230 | 79,950 | 92,730 | 109,560 |
| Denver - Aurora, CO employment: 630 mean earnings: $91,590 | 57,060 | 69,170 | 86,820 | 107,780 | 134,580 |
| Fort Collins - Loveland, CO employment: 50 mean earnings: $77,040 | 51,180 | 58,420 | 76,660 | 89,590 | 111,330 |
| Greeley, CO employment: 30 mean earnings: $85,130 | 49,930 | 58,070 | 76,890 | 114,770 | 135,300 |
| Connecticut (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,280 mean earnings: $101,260 | 58,700 | 74,630 | 92,420 | 118,170 | >145K |
| Bridgeport - Stamford - Norwalk, CT employment: 390 mean earnings: $122,680 | 68,730 | 84,770 | 112,940 | >145K | >145K |
| Danbury, CT employment: 30 mean earnings: $117,580 | 74,860 | 98,780 | 113,730 | 136,890 | >145K |
| Hartford - West Hartford - East Hartford, CT employment: 580 mean earnings: $92,750 | 57,290 | 72,100 | 88,260 | 109,350 | 136,020 |
| New Haven, CT employment: 120 mean earnings: $90,410 | 47,020 | 67,790 | 87,050 | 107,180 | 135,480 |
| Norwich - New London, CT - RI employment: 60 mean earnings: $78,520 | 49,930 | 60,940 | 72,240 | 92,340 | 116,900 |
| Delaware (ACS) (EAG) employment: 120 mean earnings: $112,160 | 47,540 | 77,230 | 109,170 | 142,760 | >145K |
| Wilmington, DE - MD - NJ Metropolitan Division employment: 130 mean earnings: $110,940 | 52,620 | 79,190 | 105,850 | 139,640 | >145K |
| District of Columbia (ACS) (EAG) employment: 780 mean earnings: $104,840 | 71,910 | 93,970 | 106,440 | 122,640 | 138,840 |
| Washington - Arlington - Alexandria, DC - VA - MD - WV Metropolitan Division employment: 1,810 mean earnings: $103,890 | 69,260 | 90,040 | 103,990 | 119,260 | 139,470 |
| Florida (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,680 mean earnings: $80,230 | 45,410 | 61,630 | 76,560 | 94,310 | 114,760 |
| Cape Coral - Fort Myers, FL employment: 50 mean earnings: $75,920 | 36,720 | 52,830 | 71,200 | 99,630 | 110,970 |
| Deltona - Daytona Beach - Ormond Beach, FL employment: 50 mean earnings: $74,660 | 49,120 | 62,680 | 75,090 | 87,020 | 97,590 |
| Fort Lauderdale - Pompano Beach - Deerfield Beach, FL Metropolitan Division employment: 200 mean earnings: $76,090 | 41,370 | 55,960 | 73,690 | 91,910 | 113,880 |
| Fort Walton Beach - Crestview - Destin, FL employment: 30 mean earnings: $77,270 | 52,230 | 61,140 | 74,220 | 88,360 | 113,700 |
| Gainesville, FL employment: 40 mean earnings: $84,790 | 60,540 | 72,100 | 81,950 | 91,350 | 109,350 |
| Jacksonville, FL employment: 110 mean earnings: $83,560 | 49,300 | 59,680 | 72,790 | 92,080 | 138,310 |
| Miami - Miami Beach - Kendall, FL Metropolitan Division employment: 260 mean earnings: $87,010 | 56,980 | 68,580 | 83,220 | 101,530 | 117,190 |
| Orlando - Kissimmee, FL employment: 220 mean earnings: $82,480 | 41,720 | 60,870 | 79,120 | 102,040 | 127,500 |
| Palm Bay - Melbourne - Titusville, FL employment: 70 mean earnings: $72,040 | 40,970 | 48,960 | 66,670 | 83,920 | 108,110 |
| Pensacola - Ferry Pass - Brent, FL employment: 70 mean earnings: $81,500 | 56,060 | 65,600 | 76,130 | 96,030 | 113,520 |
| Sarasota - Bradenton - Venice, FL employment: 30 mean earnings: $81,490 | 64,220 | 71,940 | 80,910 | 90,310 | 104,590 |
| Tallahassee, FL employment: 40 mean earnings: $82,610 | 42,550 | 63,840 | 79,100 | 99,410 | 114,220 |
| Tampa - St. Petersburg - Clearwater, FL employment: 200 mean earnings: $78,410 | 42,880 | 55,650 | 73,030 | 92,720 | 113,120 |
| West Palm Beach - Boca Raton - Boynton Beach, FL Metropolitan Division employment: 140 mean earnings: $77,900 | 46,950 | 60,920 | 73,520 | 92,600 | 110,870 |
| Georgia (ACS) (EAG) employment: 2,440 mean earnings: $85,890 | 47,930 | 58,950 | 78,630 | 103,330 | 137,740 |
| Atlanta - Sandy Springs - Marietta, GA employment: 1,780 mean earnings: $91,280 | 50,130 | 63,120 | 83,530 | 109,880 | 145,440 |
| Augusta - Richmond County, GA - SC employment: 110 mean earnings: $68,540 | 44,370 | 51,870 | 66,890 | 84,080 | 97,840 |
| Columbus, GA - AL employment: 50 mean earnings: $60,680 | 38,680 | 42,840 | 53,330 | 75,430 | 92,280 |
| Dalton, GA employment: 30 mean earnings: $74,280 | 40,770 | 48,230 | 58,020 | 74,720 | >145K |
| Macon, GA employment: 40 mean earnings: $75,660 | 45,620 | 54,940 | 67,390 | 97,260 | 125,460 |
| Savannah, GA employment: 90 mean earnings: $72,760 | 48,450 | 57,580 | 66,400 | 81,380 | 114,910 |
| Valdosta, GA employment: n.a. mean earnings: $55,510 | 38,420 | 42,000 | 50,870 | 68,240 | 84,860 |
| Warner Robins, GA employment: 50 mean earnings: $76,040 | 51,470 | 63,920 | 77,310 | 88,220 | 103,530 |
| Hawaii (ACS) (EAG) employment: 300 mean earnings: $80,400 | 49,810 | 60,290 | 77,900 | 96,880 | 114,090 |
| Honolulu, HI employment: 220 mean earnings: $82,600 | 50,940 | 63,220 | 81,100 | 99,370 | 113,370 |
| Idaho (ACS) (EAG) employment: 310 mean earnings: $70,870 | 45,640 | 54,490 | 66,600 | 83,110 | 107,020 |
| Boise City - Nampa, ID employment: 200 mean earnings: $75,940 | 50,250 | 58,980 | 69,010 | 86,910 | 112,700 |
| Illinois (ACS) (EAG) employment: 2,550 mean earnings: $80,040 | 43,190 | 56,570 | 77,060 | 96,850 | 120,080 |
| Bloomington - Normal, IL employment: 40 mean earnings: $102,920 | 64,790 | 77,360 | 104,450 | 130,020 | 143,230 |
| Champaign - Urbana, IL employment: 30 mean earnings: $67,000 | 32,160 | 44,760 | 65,140 | 89,010 | 107,700 |
| Chicago - Naperville - Joliet, IL Metropolitan Division employment: 1,850 mean earnings: $80,880 | 43,560 | 56,530 | 77,870 | 97,830 | 122,190 |
| Lake County - Kenosha County, IL - WI Metropolitan Division employment: 200 mean earnings: $83,260 | 52,190 | 62,050 | 78,890 | 98,100 | 117,000 |
| Peoria, IL employment: 80 mean earnings: $76,250 | 43,510 | 56,230 | 75,100 | 93,880 | 112,740 |
| Rockford, IL employment: 40 mean earnings: $72,120 | 39,920 | 49,220 | 70,370 | 87,770 | 106,280 |
| Springfield, IL employment: 40 mean earnings: $73,390 | 52,800 | 62,380 | 72,970 | 84,880 | 95,430 |
| Indiana (ACS) (EAG) employment: 870 mean earnings: $70,670 | 42,100 | 51,870 | 66,200 | 84,490 | 107,620 |
| Elkhart - Goshen, IN employment: 40 mean earnings: $63,960 | 39,640 | 44,140 | 58,090 | 78,090 | 95,910 |
| Evansville, IN - KY employment: 70 mean earnings: $63,730 | 41,510 | 48,650 | 62,440 | 75,810 | 89,750 |
| Fort Wayne, IN employment: 60 mean earnings: $75,200 | 43,010 | 59,590 | 70,780 | 94,060 | 113,590 |
| Gary, IN Metropolitan Division employment: 60 mean earnings: $75,090 | 43,700 | 57,420 | 67,060 | 83,280 | 116,590 |
| Indianapolis - Carmel, IN employment: 320 mean earnings: $68,910 | 41,850 | 50,490 | 65,660 | 81,640 | 103,590 |
| South Bend - Mishawaka, IN - MI employment: 40 mean earnings: $64,030 | 39,180 | 45,860 | 60,010 | 75,330 | 90,510 |
| Iowa (ACS) (EAG) employment: 490 mean earnings: $76,710 | 41,380 | 56,180 | 72,620 | 92,910 | 114,470 |
| Cedar Rapids, IA employment: 70 mean earnings: $77,490 | 41,540 | 58,730 | 74,720 | 91,160 | 114,660 |
| Davenport - Moline - Rock Island, IA - IL employment: 90 mean earnings: $81,120 | 49,440 | 70,700 | 83,430 | 97,740 | 111,230 |
| Des Moines - West Des Moines, IA employment: 160 mean earnings: $84,520 | 46,570 | 58,280 | 78,140 | 99,830 | 131,540 |
| Sioux City, IA - NE - SD employment: 30 mean earnings: $65,520 | 45,170 | 50,730 | 65,230 | 82,730 | 91,630 |
| Kansas (ACS) (EAG) employment: 500 mean earnings: $83,540 | 47,240 | 58,170 | 77,850 | 96,940 | 130,970 |
| Lawrence, KS employment: 50 mean earnings: $74,480 | 40,480 | 52,980 | 74,100 | 90,730 | 108,670 |
| Topeka, KS employment: 30 mean earnings: $73,080 | 56,600 | 63,460 | 73,280 | 84,590 | 92,130 |
| Wichita, KS employment: 120 mean earnings: $77,730 | 46,560 | 52,900 | 72,530 | 95,150 | 128,920 |
| Kentucky (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,030 mean earnings: $74,390 | 45,530 | 57,030 | 72,030 | 88,630 | 108,360 |
| Bowling Green, KY employment: 30 mean earnings: $67,200 | 51,320 | 60,800 | 67,570 | 74,870 | 87,860 |
| Lexington - Fayette, KY employment: 180 mean earnings: $76,990 | 51,150 | 59,340 | 71,740 | 91,760 | 112,020 |
| Louisville - Jefferson County, KY - IN employment: 410 mean earnings: $81,710 | 47,920 | 61,530 | 79,420 | 96,600 | 114,790 |
| Louisiana (ACS) (EAG) employment: n.a. mean earnings: $63,840 | 34,230 | 46,890 | 58,740 | 75,930 | 94,560 |
| Baton Rouge, LA employment: n.a. mean earnings: $61,530 | 31,920 | 42,500 | 61,710 | 75,650 | 89,740 |
| Lafayette, LA employment: n.a. mean earnings: $58,960 | 46,510 | 50,390 | 56,800 | 66,260 | 79,470 |
| New Orleans - Metairie - Kenner, LA employment: n.a. mean earnings: $66,710 | 38,990 | 48,080 | 57,770 | 80,360 | 103,590 |
| Shreveport - Bossier City, LA employment: n.a. mean earnings: $55,770 | 31,590 | 41,300 | 54,540 | 69,670 | 84,850 |
| Maine (ACS) (EAG) employment: 300 mean earnings: $65,890 | 37,550 | 45,850 | 59,390 | 78,490 | 103,070 |
| Bangor, ME employment: 30 mean earnings: $58,410 | 31,630 | 35,640 | 55,190 | 67,680 | 85,880 |
| Portland - South Portland - Biddeford, ME employment: 120 mean earnings: $70,570 | 39,900 | 48,570 | 61,960 | 85,390 | 110,360 |
| Maryland (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,340 mean earnings: $93,720 | 53,760 | 69,290 | 91,250 | 112,460 | 138,100 |
| Baltimore - Towson, MD employment: 590 mean earnings: $91,440 | 51,800 | 66,480 | 89,920 | 110,250 | 134,820 |
| Bethesda - Gaithersburg - Frederick, MD Metropolitan Division employment: n.a. mean earnings: $99,830 | 57,010 | 71,940 | 94,900 | 120,700 | >145K |
| Hagerstown - Martinsburg, MD - WV employment: 30 mean earnings: $82,990 | 50,900 | 59,270 | 82,820 | 103,880 | 121,060 |
| Massachusetts (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,610 mean earnings: $97,960 | 54,210 | 70,620 | 92,880 | 116,150 | >145K |
| Boston - Cambridge - Quincy, MA NECTA Division employment: 1,000 mean earnings: $102,800 | 59,910 | 75,670 | 97,400 | 120,270 | >145K |
| Brockton - Bridgewater - Easton, MA NECTA Division employment: 30 mean earnings: $86,640 | 46,060 | 66,720 | 81,140 | 93,920 | 131,090 |
| Framingham, MA NECTA Division employment: 120 mean earnings: $110,370 | 66,530 | 86,580 | 105,410 | 130,760 | >145K |
| Lawrence - Methuen - Salem, MA - NH NECTA Division employment: 30 mean earnings: $81,140 | 56,120 | 70,200 | 83,300 | 94,630 | 107,340 |
| Leominster - Fitchburg - Gardner, MA employment: 30 mean earnings: $44,610 | 30,260 | 33,420 | 42,450 | 56,080 | 64,990 |
| Lowell - Billerica - Chelmsford, MA - NH NECTA Division employment: 80 mean earnings: $94,760 | 59,880 | 72,100 | 94,590 | 115,090 | 138,520 |
| Lynn - Peabody - Salem, MA NECTA Division employment: 50 mean earnings: $79,400 | 36,970 | 47,840 | 68,500 | 103,850 | 139,560 |
| Springfield, MA - CT employment: 100 mean earnings: $92,400 | 49,560 | 68,450 | 85,600 | 107,990 | >145K |
| Worcester, MA - CT employment: 90 mean earnings: $85,240 | 50,470 | 62,920 | 79,470 | 94,040 | 132,250 |
| Michigan (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,990 mean earnings: $95,050 | 57,830 | 70,440 | 86,610 | 111,520 | >145K |
| Ann Arbor, MI employment: 70 mean earnings: $99,780 | 62,190 | 71,400 | 93,910 | 123,350 | 144,860 |
| Battle Creek, MI employment: 40 mean earnings: $84,930 | 50,820 | 60,080 | 69,820 | 102,550 | 142,060 |
| Detroit - Livonia - Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Division employment: 490 mean earnings: $105,580 | 62,470 | 76,760 | 95,760 | 128,980 | >145K |
| Flint, MI employment: 50 mean earnings: $84,810 | 51,470 | 57,210 | 79,390 | 103,180 | 123,300 |
| Grand Rapids - Wyoming, MI employment: 200 mean earnings: $76,930 | 52,790 | 64,650 | 78,220 | 88,550 | 101,680 |
| Holland - Grand Haven, MI employment: 70 mean earnings: $83,340 | 58,480 | 68,410 | 82,190 | 96,940 | 111,850 |
| Kalamazoo - Portage, MI employment: 40 mean earnings: $108,840 | 65,260 | 78,810 | 95,620 | 130,010 | >145K |
| Lansing - East Lansing, MI employment: 100 mean earnings: $69,910 | 50,680 | 60,210 | 70,390 | 81,960 | 89,530 |
| Warren - Troy - Farmington Hills, MI Metropolitan Division employment: 630 mean earnings: $104,290 | 63,220 | 77,600 | 92,240 | 120,410 | >145K |
| Minnesota (ACS) (EAG) employment: 2,340 mean earnings: $97,090 | 57,320 | 69,790 | 88,040 | 114,350 | >145K |
| Duluth, MN - WI employment: 40 mean earnings: $82,160 | 48,070 | 61,950 | 79,140 | 90,460 | 124,360 |
| Minneapolis - St. Paul - Bloomington, MN - WI employment: 1,980 mean earnings: $100,240 | 59,320 | 72,460 | 90,420 | 117,880 | >145K |
| Rochester, MN employment: 40 mean earnings: $92,390 | 75,480 | 80,970 | 90,130 | 103,650 | 115,670 |
| St. Cloud, MN employment: 40 mean earnings: $79,330 | 59,300 | 65,040 | 75,630 | 91,660 | 110,950 |
| Mississippi (ACS) (EAG) employment: 160 mean earnings: $68,150 | 39,750 | 50,170 | 65,340 | 83,510 | 103,360 |
| Gulfport - Biloxi, MS employment: n.a. mean earnings: $69,840 | 47,810 | 59,720 | 69,580 | 82,600 | 93,210 |
| Jackson, MS employment: 40 mean earnings: $67,240 | 40,630 | 48,910 | 65,170 | 84,480 | 100,500 |
| Missouri (ACS) (EAG) employment: 920 mean earnings: $83,750 | 47,850 | 61,030 | 79,350 | 99,890 | 126,210 |
| Jefferson City, MO employment: 60 mean earnings: $65,790 | 47,720 | 52,890 | 62,490 | 74,430 | 86,590 |
| Kansas City, MO - KS employment: 410 mean earnings: $92,380 | 54,020 | 67,970 | 86,310 | 107,520 | 143,220 |
| St. Louis, MO - IL employment: 560 mean earnings: $85,770 | 45,150 | 60,620 | 81,410 | 103,060 | 134,250 |
| Springfield, MO employment: 30 mean earnings: $73,060 | 46,580 | 55,450 | 66,300 | 84,230 | 126,900 |
| Montana (ACS) (EAG) employment: 60 mean earnings: $68,040 | 44,970 | 57,560 | 69,150 | 81,620 | 90,020 |
| Nebraska (ACS) (EAG) employment: 170 mean earnings: $82,880 | 53,880 | 63,750 | 76,660 | 96,020 | 116,320 |
| Lincoln, NE employment: 50 mean earnings: $73,410 | 51,200 | 60,920 | 69,740 | 86,830 | 105,580 |
| Omaha - Council Bluffs, NE - IA employment: 90 mean earnings: $89,190 | 58,170 | 67,990 | 82,710 | 100,660 | 131,500 |
| Nevada (ACS) (EAG) employment: 500 mean earnings: $79,880 | 51,850 | 62,000 | 75,270 | 91,850 | 116,670 |
| Carson City, NV employment: 30 mean earnings: $67,880 | 50,220 | 59,320 | 67,600 | 78,750 | 88,430 |
| Las Vegas - Paradise, NV employment: 340 mean earnings: $81,110 | 50,920 | 61,430 | 75,000 | 93,980 | 123,900 |
| Reno - Sparks, NV employment: 90 mean earnings: $78,930 | 55,800 | 64,740 | 78,760 | 91,010 | 107,170 |
| New Hampshire (ACS) (EAG) employment: 430 mean earnings: $85,370 | 50,040 | 62,510 | 80,570 | 102,010 | 123,470 |
| Manchester, NH employment: 50 mean earnings: $89,020 | 60,230 | 72,770 | 85,430 | 104,000 | 122,280 |
| Nashua, NH - MA NECTA Division employment: 120 mean earnings: $96,530 | 57,130 | 67,500 | 85,740 | 114,640 | >145K |
| Portsmouth, NH - ME employment: 70 mean earnings: $94,870 | 56,930 | 75,810 | 95,410 | 109,620 | 125,930 |
| Rochester - Dover, NH - ME employment: 30 mean earnings: $89,960 | 56,570 | 72,300 | 88,090 | 111,110 | 129,700 |
| New Jersey (ACS) (EAG) employment: 2,510 mean earnings: $110,730 | 63,930 | 80,140 | 102,000 | 132,590 | >145K |
| Atlantic City, NJ employment: 60 mean earnings: $104,680 | 63,650 | 77,240 | 96,830 | 122,720 | >145K |
| Camden, NJ Metropolitan Division employment: 270 mean earnings: $89,040 | 58,120 | 70,770 | 87,060 | 105,420 | 117,460 |
| Edison, NJ Metropolitan Division employment: 610 mean earnings: $107,220 | 62,550 | 77,320 | 101,140 | 129,090 | >145K |
| Newark - Union, NJ - PA Metropolitan Division employment: 710 mean earnings: $113,900 | 66,170 | 84,520 | 105,840 | 133,960 | >145K |
| Trenton - Ewing, NJ employment: 270 mean earnings: $104,500 | 73,990 | 80,610 | 91,630 | 116,970 | >145K |
| New Mexico (ACS) (EAG) employment: 290 mean earnings: $62,780 | 39,150 | 47,150 | 57,820 | 77,870 | 94,650 |
| Albuquerque, NM employment: 140 mean earnings: $69,100 | 44,170 | 51,230 | 67,940 | 86,850 | 102,070 |
| Santa Fe, NM employment: 40 mean earnings: $65,010 | 46,110 | 51,710 | 61,590 | 74,200 | 88,950 |
| New York (ACS) (EAG) employment: 4,870 mean earnings: $94,900 | 60,480 | 71,600 | 88,110 | 111,540 | 142,190 |
| Albany - Schenectady - Troy, NY employment: 430 mean earnings: $79,000 | 46,300 | 60,670 | 79,020 | 94,390 | 112,450 |
| Binghamton, NY employment: 30 mean earnings: $80,180 | 52,240 | 61,430 | 77,030 | 103,030 | 112,840 |
| Buffalo - Niagara Falls, NY employment: 210 mean earnings: $80,430 | 50,740 | 60,760 | 76,260 | 91,890 | 118,440 |
| Nassau - Suffolk, NY Metropolitan Division employment: 280 mean earnings: $98,470 | 61,020 | 76,130 | 97,520 | 116,570 | 139,330 |
| New York - White Plains - Wayne, NY - NJ Metropolitan Division employment: 3,950 mean earnings: $102,250 | 64,130 | 75,030 | 92,420 | 120,250 | >145K |
| Poughkeepsie - Newburgh - Middletown, NY employment: 60 mean earnings: $85,270 | 49,940 | 60,720 | 78,110 | 101,210 | 129,420 |
| Rochester, NY employment: 120 mean earnings: $93,590 | 57,050 | 66,750 | 84,640 | 108,440 | >145K |
| Syracuse, NY employment: 90 mean earnings: $81,390 | 50,490 | 61,230 | 74,240 | 99,840 | 115,820 |
| Utica - Rome, NY employment: 30 mean earnings: $75,070 | 49,060 | 55,140 | 73,820 | 86,150 | 100,560 |
| North Carolina (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,330 mean earnings: $85,350 | 45,960 | 59,200 | 77,480 | 101,450 | 139,350 |
| Asheville, NC employment: 40 mean earnings: $69,460 | 42,030 | 51,170 | 63,970 | 80,110 | 93,050 |
| Charlotte - Gastonia - Concord, NC - SC employment: 340 mean earnings: $87,960 | 48,650 | 61,150 | 81,320 | 105,660 | 138,810 |
| Durham, NC employment: 180 mean earnings: $108,730 | 58,610 | 74,410 | 92,470 | 138,600 | >145K |
| Fayetteville, NC employment: 30 mean earnings: $72,190 | 43,060 | 51,840 | 72,210 | 85,930 | 101,890 |
| Greensboro - High Point, NC employment: 150 mean earnings: $80,220 | 44,520 | 55,540 | 76,080 | 95,290 | 127,090 |
| Hickory - Lenior - Morgantown, NC employment: 50 mean earnings: $57,590 | 34,720 | 44,540 | 54,980 | 66,690 | 78,230 |
| Raleigh - Cary, NC employment: 180 mean earnings: $90,120 | 46,440 | 65,040 | 86,140 | 107,830 | 137,980 |
| Winston - Salem, NC employment: 100 mean earnings: $91,510 | 61,480 | 67,800 | 79,400 | 104,190 | >145K |
| North Dakota (ACS) (EAG) employment: n.a. mean earnings: $67,560 | 47,170 | 54,480 | 65,080 | 81,100 | 99,190 |
| Ohio (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,690 mean earnings: $86,790 | 53,080 | 65,740 | 82,060 | 101,700 | 128,370 |
| Akron, OH employment: 120 mean earnings: $88,680 | 59,040 | 67,090 | 81,220 | 103,690 | 139,060 |
| Canton - Massillon, OH employment: 30 mean earnings: $65,980 | 35,250 | 50,640 | 65,240 | 81,400 | 94,050 |
| Cincinnati - Middletown, OH - KY - IN employment: 400 mean earnings: $79,890 | 48,690 | 60,480 | 78,560 | 97,670 | 114,320 |
| Cleveland - Elyria - Mentor, OH employment: 450 mean earnings: $94,690 | 57,890 | 71,710 | 87,520 | 108,710 | >145K |
| Columbus, OH employment: 290 mean earnings: $86,340 | 50,960 | 62,920 | 79,710 | 99,600 | 135,330 |
| Dayton, OH employment: 160 mean earnings: $85,710 | 55,890 | 71,300 | 86,570 | 103,300 | 115,690 |
| Toledo, OH employment: 90 mean earnings: $81,670 | 59,040 | 64,990 | 75,250 | 88,750 | 112,320 |
| Youngstown - Warren - Boardman, OH - PA employment: 50 mean earnings: $82,340 | 48,940 | 62,760 | 78,040 | 91,360 | 117,520 |
| Oklahoma (ACS) (EAG) employment: 370 mean earnings: $62,700 | 38,100 | 43,400 | 56,710 | 77,510 | 96,980 |
| Oklahoma City, OK employment: 210 mean earnings: $62,560 | 38,520 | 42,720 | 56,240 | 78,120 | 98,240 |
| Tulsa, OK employment: 70 mean earnings: $73,990 | 49,100 | 55,600 | 70,850 | 88,540 | 106,480 |
| Oregon (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,000 mean earnings: $86,220 | 55,960 | 68,360 | 82,560 | 100,060 | 117,910 |
| Bend, OR employment: 40 mean earnings: $65,420 | 46,800 | 51,190 | 62,850 | 80,330 | 90,060 |
| Eugene - Springfield, OR employment: 60 mean earnings: $77,870 | 48,190 | 58,960 | 74,070 | 90,250 | 109,150 |
| Medford, OR employment: 40 mean earnings: $82,650 | 48,200 | 55,690 | 72,960 | 93,200 | 134,170 |
| Portland - Vancouver - Beaverton, OR - WA employment: 730 mean earnings: $89,700 | 60,300 | 72,580 | 85,680 | 104,550 | 124,080 |
| Salem, OR employment: 60 mean earnings: $82,430 | 59,170 | 68,970 | 82,080 | 93,430 | 109,150 |
| Pennsylvania (ACS) (EAG) employment: 2,560 mean earnings: $78,970 | 38,630 | 53,000 | 74,140 | 99,340 | 127,680 |
| Allentown - Bethlehem - Easton, PA - NJ employment: 260 mean earnings: $91,560 | 48,180 | 68,530 | 97,460 | 109,900 | 118,490 |
| Altoona, PA employment: 30 mean earnings: $53,680 | 30,120 | 42,260 | 51,490 | 66,090 | 81,310 |
| Erie, PA employment: 40 mean earnings: $76,490 | 38,040 | 52,710 | 74,770 | 89,790 | 124,190 |
| Lancaster, PA employment: 50 mean earnings: $82,300 | 49,530 | 57,910 | 69,990 | 98,000 | 127,960 |
| Philadelphia, PA Metropolitan Division employment: 1,120 mean earnings: $78,210 | 24,700 | 50,270 | 73,530 | 100,210 | 134,460 |
| Pittsburgh, PA employment: 430 mean earnings: $85,320 | 42,200 | 58,100 | 82,110 | 103,710 | 134,940 |
| Reading, PA employment: 50 mean earnings: $81,180 | 41,840 | 57,020 | 75,680 | 98,110 | 131,570 |
| Scranton - - Wilkes - Barre, PA employment: 60 mean earnings: $60,430 | 31,410 | 42,600 | 55,360 | 73,170 | 86,600 |
| York - Hanover, PA employment: 70 mean earnings: $82,590 | 48,560 | 55,920 | 79,510 | 108,540 | 130,950 |
| Rhode Island (ACS) (EAG) employment: 200 mean earnings: $90,950 | 65,110 | 75,920 | 86,960 | 105,050 | 126,310 |
| Providence - Fall River - Warwick, RI - MA employment: 220 mean earnings: $90,120 | 61,010 | 74,110 | 85,970 | 104,710 | 129,000 |
| South Carolina (ACS) (EAG) employment: 590 mean earnings: $71,230 | 42,510 | 51,490 | 65,810 | 84,990 | 107,640 |
| Charleston - North Charleston, SC employment: 70 mean earnings: $65,930 | 39,810 | 46,430 | 60,180 | 85,100 | 99,400 |
| Columbia, SC employment: 160 mean earnings: $64,390 | 41,190 | 48,650 | 57,660 | 76,920 | 92,040 |
| Florence, SC employment: 30 mean earnings: $81,110 | 37,030 | 49,230 | 61,230 | 111,490 | 141,610 |
| Greenville, SC employment: 90 mean earnings: $73,330 | 47,840 | 57,750 | 67,780 | 80,130 | 104,180 |
| Spartanburg, SC employment: 60 mean earnings: $87,090 | 56,060 | 63,660 | 73,320 | 101,490 | 138,090 |
| South Dakota (ACS) (EAG) employment: 170 mean earnings: $71,370 | 51,120 | 59,120 | 68,130 | 81,960 | 99,040 |
| Rapid City, SD employment: 30 mean earnings: $69,790 | 50,840 | 58,090 | 66,160 | 76,930 | 98,310 |
| Sioux Falls, SD employment: 70 mean earnings: $74,280 | 50,140 | 60,040 | 71,740 | 87,390 | 106,530 |
| Tennessee (ACS) (EAG) employment: 780 mean earnings: $73,870 | 40,170 | 52,490 | 69,350 | 91,250 | 119,440 |
| Chattanooga, TN - GA employment: 30 mean earnings: $87,510 | 48,270 | 62,590 | 81,270 | 100,800 | 137,540 |
| Clarksville, TN - KY employment: 30 mean earnings: $57,630 | 38,790 | 43,640 | 59,530 | 70,490 | 81,630 |
| Kingsport - Bristol - Bristol, TN - VA employment: 40 mean earnings: $66,460 | 38,220 | 41,090 | 45,980 | 85,190 | 122,010 |
| Knoxville, TN employment: 70 mean earnings: $65,700 | 27,540 | 45,200 | 63,680 | 77,480 | 115,940 |
| Memphis, TN - MS - AR employment: 220 mean earnings: $89,660 | 53,430 | 66,640 | 88,270 | 117,580 | 134,890 |
| Nashville - Davidson - - Murfreesboro, TN employment: 290 mean earnings: $66,300 | 39,480 | 48,470 | 60,390 | 80,320 | 100,570 |
| Texas (ACS) (EAG) employment: 2,120 mean earnings: $92,220 | 53,090 | 68,060 | 86,480 | 109,820 | 140,130 |
| Austin - Round Rock, TX employment: 220 mean earnings: $88,040 | 54,570 | 68,670 | 82,960 | 101,470 | 120,550 |
| College Station - Bryan, TX employment: n.a. mean earnings: $98,930 | 56,760 | 72,750 | 97,270 | 118,590 | >145K |
| Corpus Christi, TX employment: 50 mean earnings: $67,030 | 40,610 | 52,120 | 66,420 | 78,390 | 99,120 |
| Dallas - Plano - Irving, TX Metropolitan Division employment: 580 mean earnings: $106,610 | 64,140 | 81,300 | 100,730 | 122,110 | >145K |
| El Paso, TX employment: 40 mean earnings: $70,930 | 48,550 | 55,620 | 69,010 | 85,780 | 102,450 |
| Fort Worth - Arlington, TX Metropolitan Division employment: 150 mean earnings: $93,890 | 53,430 | 66,060 | 88,640 | 112,790 | 143,550 |
| Houston - Sugar Land - Baytown, TX employment: 430 mean earnings: $97,240 | 57,450 | 72,110 | 91,120 | 115,270 | >145K |
| Killeen - Temple - Fort Hood, TX employment: 30 mean earnings: $68,800 | 38,800 | 43,390 | 72,800 | 89,960 | 103,350 |
| San Antonio, TX employment: 330 mean earnings: $79,930 | 50,440 | 62,130 | 77,210 | 92,740 | 112,880 |
| Waco, TX employment: 30 mean earnings: $80,870 | 55,020 | 63,930 | 76,680 | 91,190 | 126,160 |
| Utah (ACS) (EAG) employment: 290 mean earnings: $80,550 | 49,980 | 62,060 | 77,020 | 92,070 | 120,340 |
| Ogden - Clearfield, UT employment: 60 mean earnings: $76,180 | 49,220 | 60,510 | 75,480 | 88,650 | 110,260 |
| Salt Lake City, UT employment: 190 mean earnings: $81,970 | 51,720 | 63,970 | 77,740 | 93,230 | 121,400 |
| Vermont (ACS) (EAG) employment: 40 mean earnings: $82,990 | 59,040 | 65,000 | 76,090 | 90,720 | 114,480 |
| Burlington - South Burlington, VT employment: 30 mean earnings: $80,640 | 58,710 | 63,490 | 71,450 | 88,670 | 116,000 |
| Virginia (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,670 mean earnings: $100,190 | 65,440 | 80,310 | 97,630 | 114,910 | 139,490 |
| Charlottesville, VA employment: 40 mean earnings: $86,180 | 58,000 | 66,040 | 85,690 | 104,690 | 114,970 |
| Lynchburg, VA employment: 30 mean earnings: $91,520 | 62,300 | 74,180 | 97,350 | 108,810 | 115,770 |
| Richmond, VA employment: 360 mean earnings: $97,530 | 62,120 | 75,300 | 90,570 | 117,070 | 141,410 |
| Roanoke, VA employment: 30 mean earnings: $91,680 | 42,890 | 74,710 | 84,660 | 100,120 | >145K |
| Virginia Beach - Norfolk - Newport News, VA - NC employment: 250 mean earnings: $92,890 | 67,970 | 78,750 | 90,390 | 107,320 | 123,520 |
| Washington (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,320 mean earnings: $95,250 | 60,190 | 74,560 | 90,280 | 110,030 | 138,060 |
| Bellingham, WA employment: 30 mean earnings: $81,840 | 56,530 | 68,190 | 81,690 | 95,620 | 111,520 |
| Bremerton - Silverdale, WA employment: 30 mean earnings: $90,690 | 73,220 | 79,080 | 88,490 | 104,090 | 115,980 |
| Kennewick - Richland - Pasco, WA employment: 40 mean earnings: $94,320 | 68,760 | 81,180 | 95,510 | 110,230 | 124,090 |
| Olympia, WA employment: 30 mean earnings: $83,420 | 56,450 | 76,430 | 84,230 | 92,330 | 109,260 |
| Seattle - Bellevue - Everett, WA Metropolitan Division employment: 870 mean earnings: $101,180 | 62,950 | 78,100 | 95,320 | 114,120 | >145K |
| Spokane, WA employment: 90 mean earnings: $77,330 | 52,250 | 61,450 | 75,520 | 87,030 | 107,600 |
| Tacoma, WA Metropolitan Division employment: 90 mean earnings: $82,520 | 52,840 | 65,530 | 82,160 | 97,770 | 114,520 |
| West Virginia (ACS) (EAG) employment: 210 mean earnings: $69,510 | 40,310 | 52,960 | 66,660 | 84,110 | 107,230 |
| Charleston, WV employment: 40 mean earnings: $65,060 | 39,720 | 51,410 | 61,640 | 73,120 | 103,390 |
| Parkersburg - Marietta - Vienna, WV - OH employment: 40 mean earnings: $71,770 | 41,350 | 55,190 | 72,910 | 87,920 | 104,740 |
| Weirton - Steubenville, WV - OH employment: 30 mean earnings: $58,510 | 32,820 | 37,410 | 59,340 | 75,000 | 87,130 |
| Wisconsin (ACS) (EAG) employment: 1,050 mean earnings: $90,410 | 52,680 | 65,760 | 81,930 | 105,050 | 143,820 |
| Appleton, WI employment: 30 mean earnings: $87,520 | 61,560 | 68,990 | 80,920 | 96,890 | 126,890 |
| Eau Claire, WI employment: 40 mean earnings: $81,830 | 43,070 | 51,710 | 75,800 | 99,990 | 137,440 |
| Green Bay, WI employment: 40 mean earnings: $85,020 | 54,770 | 69,020 | 81,320 | 91,850 | 114,990 |
| La Crosse, WI - MN employment: 30 mean earnings: $93,060 | 50,910 | 68,740 | 83,680 | 107,530 | >145K |
| Madison, WI employment: 170 mean earnings: $80,700 | 45,020 | 62,540 | 73,850 | 89,790 | 128,790 |
| Milwaukee - Waukesha - West Allis, WI employment: 380 mean earnings: $100,100 | 56,020 | 70,890 | 87,860 | 115,350 | >145K |
| Oshkosh - Neenah, WI employment: 50 mean earnings: $102,100 | 61,330 | 68,250 | 90,500 | 115,920 | >145K |
| Sheboygan, WI employment: 30 mean earnings: $84,810 | 50,930 | 57,750 | 71,400 | 124,340 | 140,150 |
| Wyoming (ACS) (EAG) employment: 90 mean earnings: $63,050 | 47,670 | 52,690 | 60,810 | 70,090 | 82,670 |
| Cheyenne, WY employment: 40 mean earnings: $64,890 | 48,320 | 53,760 | 62,000 | 70,260 | 86,440 |
| Puerto Rico (ACS) (EAG) employment: 810 mean earnings: $61,050 | 31,660 | 39,890 | 53,670 | 76,260 | 104,740 |
| San Juan - Caguas - Guaynabo, PR employment: 680 mean earnings: $62,200 | 33,490 | 41,280 | 54,510 | 75,990 | 105,770 |
source: Occupational Employment Statistics Program; about these estimates
The highlighted text indicates the maximum values in each column among the states and metropolitan areas.
The (ACS) links lead to data from the American Community Survey from the Census Bureau.
The (EAG) links lead to U.S. Economy at a Glance data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.